Oathfeed

Chemical Composition and Formation Process

Lava stone, also known as basalt, is a type of volcanic rock forming from the rapid cooling of lava at the Earth’s surface. Its composition primarily consists of silicon dioxide (SiO2SiO_2SiO2​), aluminum oxide (Al2O3Al_2O_3Al2​O3​), iron oxides (FeOFeOFeO and Fe2O3Fe_2O_3Fe2​O3​), calcium oxide (CaOCaOCaO), magnesium oxide (MgOMgOMgO), and alkali metals like sodium oxide (Na2ONa_2ONa2​O) and potassium oxide (K2OK_2OK2​O).

Lava stone forms when molten lava erupts from a volcano and cools rapidly upon exposure to the atmosphere or water. The rapid cooling prevents the formation of large crystals, resulting in the stone’s typically porous and rough texture. Its color ranges from black to gray and even dark brown, primarily due to the presence of iron and other minerals.

Names and Alternative Names

Lava Beads: A common name used in jewelry-making to describe the porous beads made from this rock.

Basalt: The scientific term for volcanic rock that makes up a large part of the Earth’s crust.

Volcanic Rock: A broader term encompassing all types of rocks formed from volcanic activity.

The term “basalt” originates from the Latin “basaltes,” which in turn was derived from the Greek word “basanos,” meaning “touchstone.”

Mythology and Legends

In Hawaiian culture, lava stone carries the energy of the volcano goddess Pele. It is sacred and symbolizes the strength and transformative power of fire.

Native American tribes have historically used volcanic rock for making tools, weapons, and ceremonial objects. Lava stones possess grounding and protective energies, helping individuals stay connected to the Earth.

The Aztecs utilized volcanic rock, particularly obsidian (a form of volcanic glass), for crafting weapons, tools, and ritualistic items.

Electric Cosmology

Lava stone itself does not exhibit piezoelectric or magnetic properties like some other minerals. However, its grounding properties associate with its dense, heavy nature and its connection to the Earth’s core. Its porous texture is a metaphor for absorbing and releasing energies, making it a symbol of balance between elemental forces, especially fire and earth.

Magnetic inclusions are not typically present in lava stone; however, the iron content within the stone can sometimes cause a mild magnetic response when in proximity to strong magnets.

Mining, Production and Use

Historic Production:

Lava stone has enjoyed use since ancient times, with various cultures employing it for tools, construction materials, and spiritual objects. The ancient Egyptians used basalt for paving roads and building temples. The Romans used it in the construction of their iconic roads and aqueducts.

Modern Production:

Today, lava stone is primarily sourced from volcanic regions around the world, including Iceland, Hawaii, Indonesia, Italy, and the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Modern quarrying methods involve extracting large blocks of basalt rock, which are then cut, shaped, and sometimes polished for various applications.

Production of Beads:

For bead production, lava stone is cut into small, spherical shapes and drilled with holes. The porous nature of the stone allows it to be shaped and polished relatively easily. Its surface is often left natural and rough to preserve its characteristic texture, though it can be smoothed for different aesthetics. Small beads (usually 6-10mm) are used in jewelry-making, often combined with essential oils for aromatherapy.

Uses:

Lava stone is widely used in jewelry, especially in bracelets, necklaces, and earrings. Its porous nature makes it an excellent diffuser for essential oils. Additionally, basalt has various industrial uses, such as road construction, concrete aggregate, and as a component in certain types of insulation.