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Chemical Composition and Formation Process

Kyanite is an aluminosilicate mineral with the chemical formula Al₂SiO₅. It typically forms in high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphic rocks, such as schists and gneisses, as a result of regional metamorphism. The blue color is due to trace amounts of iron and titanium.

Names and Alternative Names

The name “Kyanite” (or Cyanite) is derived from the Greek word “κύανος,” meaning “deep blue.” Alternative names include “Disthene,” meaning “two strengths,” reflecting its distinct hardness in different directions.

Mythology and Legends

Kyanite has been considered a traveler’s stone, providing protection and safe passage during journeys. In ancient times, it aided in navigation and connection with the spiritual realm. In Chinese culture, it is a stone of balance and tranquility.

Electric Cosmology

Heat Resistance: An uncommon property of kyanite is that it can expand up to twice its volume when heated. This predictable expansion allows it to be used in ceramics to maintain desired volumes during firing.
Electrical Insulation: Kyanite is also serviceable as an electrical insulator.

Mining, Production and Use

Historically, kyanite was mined in Europe and the Americas for its industrial uses in ceramics and refractory materials. Today, significant deposits are found in Brazil, the United States, and Nepal. Kyanite is mined from metamorphic rock formations, then cut and polished into beads, cabochons, and other jewelry items.